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Machine Safety Standards

May 3, 2017

With so many rules and regulations related to industrial safety, it can be confusing to figure them all out.

To help clear things up, we do our best to explain the ISO 12100:2010, ISO 14121-1:2007, ISO 13849-1:2006 Safety Standards

ISO 12100:2010

This standard specifies basic terminology, principles and a methodology for achieving safety in the design of machinery. It specifies principles of risk assessment and risk reduction to help designers in achieving this objective.

These principles are based on knowledge and experience of the design, use, incidents, accidents and risks associated with machinery. Procedures are described for identifying hazards and estimating and evaluating risks during relevant phases of the machine life cycle, and for the elimination of hazards or sufficient risk reduction. Guidance is given on the documentation and verification of the risk assessment and risk reduction process.

ISO 12100:2010

This standard is also intended to be used as a basis for the preparation of type-B or type-C safety standards.

It does not deal with risk and/or damage to domestic animals, property or the environment.


ISO 14121-1:2007

This standard establishes general principles intended to be used to meet the risk reduction objectives established in ISO 12100-1:2003, Clause 5. These principles of risk assessment bring together knowledge and experience of the design, use, incidents, accidents and harm related to machinery in order to assess the risks posed during the relevant phases of the life cycle of a machine.

ISO 14121-1:2007

provides guidance on the information that will be required to enable risk assessment to be carried out. Procedures are described for identifying hazards and estimating and evaluating risk. It also gives guidance on the making of decisions relating to the safety of machinery and on the type of documentation required to verify the risk assessment carried out.

It is not applicable to risks posed to domestic animals, property or the environment.


ISO 13849-1:2006

provides safety requirements and guidance on the principles for the design and integration of safety-related parts of control systems (SRP/CS), including the design of software. For these parts of SRP/CS, it specifies characteristics that include the performance level required for carrying out safety functions. It applies to SRP/CS, regardless of the type of technology and energy used (electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, mechanical, etc.), for all kinds of machinery. It does not specify the safety functions or performance levels that are to be used in a particular case.

ISO 13849-1:2006

provides specific requirements for SRP/CS using programmable electronic system(s).

It does not give specific requirements for the design of products which are parts of SRP/CS. Nevertheless, the principles given, such as categories or performance levels, can be used.


ANSI B11.0

This standard applies to new, modified or rebuilt power driven machines, not portable by hand, used to shape and/or form metal or other materials by cutting, impact, pressure, electrical or other processing techniques, or a combination of these processes.

This can be a single machine, a machine tool or a machine tool system(s).

Informative Note 1: To improve readability, the terms “machine,” “machine tool” or “machine tool system(s)” are used interchangeably throughout the document, either in singular or plural form.

Informative Note 2: See 7.15 for a list of example machine tools.

Other industry sectors may benefit from applying this standard. Where a machine-specific standard exists and the requirements of that standard conflict with the requirements in this standard, the requirements of the machine-specific standard shall apply.

Informative Note 3: For example, ANSI/RIA R15.06 on safety requirements for robots and robotic systems is a “C-level standard” that would take precedence over the requirements in this standard.